Als dringlich und konkret charakterisiert Draghi seinen Bericht. Er legt schonungslos offen, wo und wie Europa im internationalen Wettbewerb und vor allem angesichts Chinas ins Schlingern geraten ist. Zu viel einzelne nationale Ansätze, zu wenig Koordinierung zwischen den europäischen Politikfeldern.
Er fordert einen stringenten Gesamtansatz, damit größere Finanzierungspakete und eine Skalierung von zentralen Industrieprojekten möglich werden. Als Schwerpunkt appelliert er, Innovation zu stärken sowie Europa als Industriestandort zu erhalten, um unseren Wohlstand, unser Wirtschaften überhaupt zu garantieren.
Der einzige Weg dafür sei die Industrie zu dekarbonisieren und die verbleibenden Potentiale bei Cleantech zu nutzen, einschließlich der Automobilwirtschaft – das sind neben der Digitalisierung die zentralen Konkurrenzfelder, in denen China und die USA Europa den Rang ablaufen. Dafür gelte es alle nur möglichen Mittel zu mobilisieren, von günstigerer Energie, zentraleren Entscheidungen über verschiedene Politikfelder hinweg und massive Finanzmittel.
Viele der konkreten Maßnahmen (170!) sind nicht neu, etwa Genehmigungsverfahren beschleunigen, Verwaltungen stärken oder EU-Gelder in zentralen Anlaufstellen zu bündeln. Aber auch radikalere Forderungen sind dabei, zusätzliche 800 Mrd. Euro jährlich an öffentlichen und privaten Investitionen, finanziert über gemeinsame europäische Anleihen. Oder ein europäischer Rahmen, um Fragen der Energiepolitik zentral zu entscheiden für eine echte Energieunion, vergleichbar mit der Währungsunion.
Insgesamt birgt der Bericht eine gute Nachricht, denn ein Akzeptieren der Deindustrialisierung wäre die Art der gefürchteten grünen Transformation, die die Menschen nicht wollen. Angesichts der vorgeschlagenen Maßnahmen werden viele Mitgliedstaaten jedoch über einen sehr langen Schatten springen müssen. Und abzuwarten ist, welche der Vorschläge Kommissionspräsidentin von der Leyen am Ende in ihr neues politisches Programm aufnimmt.
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Pepe, Jacopo Maria
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Detsch, Claudia
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